The yellow and orange carotenoids that are contained in the leaves of many species become visible as the green color fades. The shorter days and cooler temperatures of autumn typically cause this phenomenon.Ĭhlorophyll deterioration is the first step in leaf abscission, which is the process of leaves falling off the tree. Harsh winters represent a threat to the leaves of these plants. Why do leaves change color during the fall season?Īutumn is characterized by the gorgeous, gradual transformation of green foliage into brilliant reds, oranges, yellows, and purples in many parts of the world.Ĭhlorophyll, a pigment essential to photosynthesis, gives green leaves their characteristic green color.īroadleaf trees and other perennials in temperate areas must lose their leaves in a regulated way to minimize damage and saves energy.
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